Ashmita Dahal

  Overview of bank failures Silicon Valley Bank (SVB), USA's 16 th largest bank was closed on March 10 after it experienced a bank run i.e., depositors rushing to the bank to withdraw their funds all at once. It is considered the second-largest bank failure since 2008. SVB was specializing in lending to technology startups, and it has invested a large amount in long-term debt like treasury bonds. When SVB tried to raise cash to fulfill the need of venture-capital firms by selling such assets it created market fear and uninsured depositors took notice of it and started rushing to take deposits out of the system. Second, New York-based Signature Bank also shut down on March 12, 2023, after its customers started withdrawing billions of dollars in the wake of the collapse of SVB. The bank had considerable amounts of uninsured deposits and was exposed to the crypto sector. It is considered the third-largest bank failure since the 2008 financial crisis. Following the two largest b...

  1.       Capital Adequacy : Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) for commercial banks is 11 %, CAR for development banks is and finance companies is 10 %. 2.       Assets Quality :  Non Performing loan (NPL) in 2021/22 was about 1.31%. Composition of NPL shows some signs of deterioration in asset quality with an increase in restructured/rescheduled loans within the banking sector. Large share of NPL which is about 51.40% in the banking sector falls into the loss category. 3.       Leverage Ratio:   Basel Committee on Banking Supervision introduced leverage ratio that is complementary to the risk-based capital framework and aims to restrict the build-up of excessive leverage in the banking sector. It assesses the adequacy of Tier 1 capital to On balance sheet and off balance sheet exposures. NRB has specified 4% of leverage ratio. It is well above the mandatory requirement in the period 2021/22. 4...